TECHNIQUES:
It is a first of all technique. It is different from other forms of patterned weaving in that no one carried the full fabric except by an occasional accident of design. The unit of each pattern and background is woven a thread of the required color that is inserted back and forth. Every passage is called a pick and when completed wefts are pushed tightly together by various devices like awl, reed, batten, comb, etc. the wraps in finished tapestry appear more or less marked parallel ridges in the texture or fabric according to their fineness.
In the 19th the royal factory of the French monastery at Beauvais had 25 or even 40 threads per inch. Instead of the plain- cloth method of weaving is usually used in making tapestries, twill techniques can be used too. The technique firstly appeared in medieval Persia and from the 17th century.
In this type of weaving is floated over two or more wraps, then under one or more wraps with this under passage shifting always one to the right or left making diagonal ribbing.
As far as can be determined, this technique first appeared in medieval Persia and from the 17th century on was especially used in the Iranian provinces of Khorāsān and Kermān to make shawls of goat’s hair or wool.
Tapestry Weaving:
It is an old age craft that involves working with a horizontal which is called a (weft) and a vertical known as a (wrap) thread in a series of rows which produces a perfectly woven cloth. It is generally worked on a wooden or bamboo loom which is either an upright loom or frame. Tapestry weaving is one of the oldest practices of woven textile, it is a favorite craft among both experts and novice weavers too.
TAPESTRY WEAVING PATTERNS AND TECHNIQUES:
1. PLAIN WEAVE (TUBBY WEAVE):
It is commonly used as a basic form of weaving. Each of the weft yarn simply goes over and under each warp thread which is called an under-over pattern. Most novice weavers start learning by plain weave before going to any complex. The pattern is made by creating a checkerboard-like pattern making your weave very tighten.
2. RYA KNOTS:
This plain weave is a commonly used basic form of weaving. Each of the weft yarn simply goes over and under each warp thread which is called the under-over pattern. Most novice weavers start by learning the plain weave before going to any complex patterns. Another variation of RYA loop or knots is called continuous RYA knots which most weavers use to add a nice texture is called DIY wall hanging.
A continuous RYA knot is a weft pattern where you can create RYA loop from one side to the other side of your weave. The only difference between an RYA knot and a continuous RYA knot is as a bunch of yarns that are cut a shorter length to create fringes, the continuous RYA knots are a bunch of long yarns that can be woven continuously on many rows.
3. SOUMAK:
It is an old, well-known technique among weavers. It is a great way to add a bumpy texture to your weave and it is mostly done on two rows in opposite directions to create a fishtail effect. A soumak row almost looks like an embroidered chain stitch. Most weavers love weaving Soumak on their tapestry DIY wall hanging as it is great for dividing a weave into two different sections. Effects and textures depend on the thickness of yarn or fiber you use. To weave a soumak, you have to wrap your weft around over a certain number of wraps threads before drawing them back under the last two wrap threads and the process continues repeatedly. The soumak weave is usually done in the opposite direction to create a fishtail effect.
4. SINNA KNOT:
It is not a widely known technique, but it is simply a continuous knot that has a draping effect that looks great on Tapestry DIY wall hanging. Different effects can be created depending on the type of yarn you use. I recommended you use a thicker yarn so that the texture can be seen. If you use a twisted ply yarn, you will get a different effect.
5. TWILL WEAVE:
Twill weave is a weave pattern that is done by passing the weft yarn over and under two or four wrap threads with a step between rows to create a diagonal pattern. It is not a basic technique like a plain weave where you will simply go over and under each wrap thread. Twill weave is a great technique to add to your Tapestry weaving. One can create new textures like diamond or chevron that look great when you do this on a tea mug coaster, a bookmark, or DIY wall hanging.
The appearance of the diagonal pattern lines weave can be different depending on the yarn count, the yarn weight or thickness, the interlacing pattern.
CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD TAPESTRY LOOM:
· the ability to achieve and adjust tension. On very small looms, good tension can be achieved by using a good tapestry wrap that has a bit of stretch and sometimes by simple methods to take up slack in a loose wrap.
· Presence of shedding device. Shedding devices are not absolutely necessary. However, for larger tapestries especially if you are looking for a little speed, some kind of shedding device is helpful
· For weaving tapestry, the wrap must be evenly spaced. The loom can help you do this with a mechanism such as a reed, a coil, or pegs or you can space it manually and use the tension on the wrap and the weaving itself to maintain the wrap spacing.
· Tapestry is easiest to weave at fairly high tension and your equipment has to be able to withstand that.
· Ergonomic comfort, taking care of your body is important. Looms come in all different sizes and configurations and the one that works best for you might not work the best for your neighbor.
LOOMS WITH BEAMS:
Beamed looms rotating beams with brakes one holds the wraps and one holds the finished cloth. Most of the looms have shedding devices. People who weave functional fabric are using jack looms. These are smaller than other beamed looms and fit our house nicely. Almost all jack looms are of poor choices for tapestry. the light construction and the way that the shed is created means that it cant get both high tension and a good shed.
CONCLUSION:
Historically the weavers worked while facing the back of the tapestry. the tapestry was woven by hand for centuries but in the late 19th and early 20th-century technological innovations introduced the possibility of machine-woven tapestries. Today workshops and manufacturies still produce hand woven and machine woven tapestries. Some of the tapestry weavers still follow the traditional way, copying a painted cartoon other tapestry weavers take complete creative control, and even improvise their design as they weave.
